Tests and diagnosis
A female fertility assessment allows different factors that may influence the ability to achieve pregnancy to be evaluated. It is not a single test, but rather a set of assessments selected individually based on age, medical history, menstrual cycle regularity and how long the patient has been trying to conceive.
The assessment may include an evaluation of ovarian reserve, hormone tests, gynaecological ultrasound, antral follicle count and, when indicated, tests to check the patency of the fallopian tubes.
The results should be interpreted by a fertility specialist, as each test provides different information and must be assessed alongside the patient’s age, medical history and reproductive goals.
Early diagnosis is key to preventing infertility and increasing the chances of pregnancy.
Thanks to a female fertility study, the medical team can obtain a complete picture of ovarian, hormonal, and uterine function, and thus establish the personalized treatment best suited to each patient.
Performing a fertility study allows for:
A gynaecological ultrasound allows the uterus and ovaries to be assessed and possible abnormalities that may affect fertility to be detected, such as fibroids, ovarian cysts, polyps or other gynaecological conditions.
Antral follicle counting can also be performed during the ultrasound. This involves visualising and counting the small follicles present in the ovaries at the beginning of the menstrual cycle. This count is one of the main indicators used to assess ovarian reserve.
Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is one of the markers used to estimate ovarian reserve. Its level, together with the antral follicle count obtained through ultrasound, helps the specialist assess the expected ovarian response and plan fertility treatment when necessary.
AMH mainly provides information about the estimated number of available follicles, but it does not, on its own, determine egg quality or the likelihood of pregnancy.
The fallopian tubes need to be open for the egg and sperm to meet naturally. When indicated, specific tests such as hysterosalpingography or hysterosonography may be performed to check for tubal blockage and assess the uterine cavity.
In some cases, genetic, immunological, or coagulation studies are performed for a more complete diagnosis.
After the tests, the medical team interprets the results individually and recommends the most appropriate treatment: artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization, egg donation, or other specific techniques for each case.
Each diagnosis is unique, so a fertility assessment is the first step in designing a customized treatment plan tailored to each patient's needs and characteristics. This individualized approach optimizes the chances of success and offers comprehensive medical care based on scientific evidence and emotional support throughout the entire process.
Most tests can be performed in one or two menstrual cycles.
Most blood tests and ultrasounds cause little or no discomfort. Some specific tests, such as those used to assess fallopian tube patency or hysteroscopy, may cause temporary discomfort.
It depends on the type of test. Some hormone tests and antral follicle counts are usually performed at the beginning of the cycle, while other tests can be carried out at different times.
It is advisable from the age of 35, although it can be done earlier in women with a medical history or who want to preserve eggs.
Ideally, a complete study of the couple should be performed. In the case of the male partner, a semen analysis is done.
It is recommended to seek advice if pregnancy has not been achieved after 12 months of unprotected intercourse, or after 6 months if the woman is over 35. A fertility assessment may also be useful in cases of irregular menstrual cycles, endometriosis, recurrent miscarriages, previous gynaecological surgery or a desire to preserve fertility.
Anti-Müllerian hormone, or AMH, helps estimate ovarian reserve. It does not predict the chances of pregnancy on its own, but it provides relevant information for planning treatment and assessing the expected response to ovarian stimulation.
AMH levels fluctuate less throughout the menstrual cycle than other hormonal markers, although the specialist will advise on the most appropriate time to perform each test.
No. AMH is primarily a marker of ovarian reserve and should be interpreted alongside age, ultrasound findings and other clinical factors.
At Institut Marquès, the female fertility assessment is tailored to each patient’s individual circumstances. After reviewing their medical and reproductive history, the specialist recommends the most appropriate tests and explains the results and possible treatment options. The aim is to obtain a comprehensive assessment of fertility and define the next steps on an individual basis.
